M H; A N; S B
Abstract
Salt accumulation in the root zone and yield declining are the main problems in using saline water for irrigation in arid areas. So, this study was performed with the aim of investigating the effect of different management of wheat residues on maize (Mobin variety) yield and its components and soil salinity ...
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Salt accumulation in the root zone and yield declining are the main problems in using saline water for irrigation in arid areas. So, this study was performed with the aim of investigating the effect of different management of wheat residues on maize (Mobin variety) yield and its components and soil salinity under irrigation with saline water. Therefore, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design was carried out in the Agricultural Farm of Shahid Chamran University, in one crop season. The first studied factor was different management use of wheat residues (M1: without use of crop residues, M2: use of crop residues on the soil surface as mulch, and M3: mix of crop residues with surface soil layer to 30 cm depth) and the second factor was irrigation water salinity (S1: Karun river water salinity: 2 dS/m , S2: 4.5 dS/m and S3: 7 dS/m). Management of crop residues as mulch and mixed with soil, compared with non- use of residues, decreased the salinity of surface layer on average by 16.1% and 7.8%, respectively, and transported the salts to lower layer. The effect of salinity and crop residues management on evapotranspiration, yield, and yield components was significant, but their interaction effect was significant only on evapotranspiration, grain yield, biomass, and ear length. So, the maximum effect of crop residues on adjusting the reduction of grain yield (14.6%) and biomass (19.8%) compared to the control was obtained in M2 and S2 treatments. Therefore, the use of crop residues as mulch can be recommended as an effective solution to reduce the negative effect of using saline water in agriculture.
B H; S B; A N
Abstract
The water crisis and the increase in population necessitate improvement of efficiency of water use. Application of new methods of irrigation and irrigation management is a way to optimize the use of available water resources. In order to study effect of different deficit irrigation managements of potato ...
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The water crisis and the increase in population necessitate improvement of efficiency of water use. Application of new methods of irrigation and irrigation management is a way to optimize the use of available water resources. In order to study effect of different deficit irrigation managements of potato in furrow and tape drip irrigation methods on water use productivity and yield of potato, an experiment was performed at Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari Research Farm of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center in 2013. The experiment was based on randomized complete blocks with split-split plot design with three replications. The furrow and tape drip irrigation methods were allocated to the main plots, while the two potato cultivars were in the sub-plots and four deficit irrigation managements including FI(100%), RDI80(80%), RDI65(65%) of available water depletion (AWD), and partial root-zone drying (PRD) during full growth period were in the secondary sub-plots. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant (P≤0.01) differences between deficit irrigation managements for tubers yield, tubers percentage of dry matter, number of tuber per plant and water productivity. Drip irrigation in comparison with furrow irrigation resulted in reduction of irrigation water amount (40%), increase in yield (10%), agronomic water productivity (43%), and economical water productivity (40%). The highest economical water productivity (73240 Rials/m3) belonged to partial root-zone drying (PRD). Due to the limitation of water resources, the best suggestion for optimizing water use is using tape irrigation and deficit irrigation management through partial root-zone drying (PRD) for producing potato.